Figure 3.

Cardiac performance by family and environment. Family means for; A) Heart Rate in beats/min, B) end systolic (open symbols) and diastolic (closed symbols) volume in nl, C) stroke volume in nl, and D) cardiac output in nl/min are presented for larvae reared in normoxic and hypoxic environments. Error bars represent one standard error. Family and Family × Environment interactions were significant sources of variation in all five traits, while a direct effect of Environment was only significant in heart rate and ESV.